摘要
近年来,具有自组装成胶束能力的聚合物材料越来越多地被研究用于各个领域,主要是生物医学。胶束形态在药物转运和递送领域很有趣,因为胶束可以将疏水分子封装在其细胞核中,在其外层具有活性分子,并且由于它们的纳米尺寸,可以利用增强的渗透性和保留 (EPR) 效应,延长循环时间,避免肾脏清除。此外,对内部或外部刺激敏感的纳米生物活性分子(以共价形式或通过宿主-宿主相互作用连接),如药物、生物成像分子、靶向配体、“可交联”分子或键,可以掺入其中并表现出更好的效果作为抗癌剂、siRNA递送剂以及抗病毒和抗寄生虫化合物的活性。目前的工作是对已发表信息的回顾,其中最重要的是关于受限多价合作的合成和生物学重要性以及修改树枝状结构的能力,提供了创造和改进胶束超分子中使用的两亲物的多功能性场地。研究最多的结构是由线性聚合物和树枝状聚合物组合形成的杂化共聚物。然而,还开发了不涉及线性聚合物的小树枝状分子,例如 Janus 树枝状大分子、面部树枝状分子和只有一个树枝状分子的树枝状两亲分子。两亲性树枝状大分子胶束在体外和体内测试中均取得了有效且有希望的结果,这鼓励了他们对未来在纳米疗法中的应用进行研究。
关键词: 抗癌活性、两亲性、树枝状大分子、树枝状大分子、胶束、纳米结构、超分子结构。
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Nanomedical Applications of Amphiphilic Dendrimeric Micelles
Volume: 28 Issue: 38
关键词: 抗癌活性、两亲性、树枝状大分子、树枝状大分子、胶束、纳米结构、超分子结构。
摘要:
In recent years, polymeric materials with the ability to self-assemble into micelles have been increasingly investigated for application in various fields, mainly in biomedicine. Micellar morphology is interesting in the field of drug transport and delivery since micelles can encapsulate hydrophobic molecules in their nucleus, have active molecules in their outer layer, and due to their nanometric size, can take advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, prolong the time in circulation and avoid renal clearance. In addition, nanobioactive molecules (joined in covalent form or by host-host interaction), such as drugs, bioimaging molecules, targeting ligands, “crosslinkable” molecules or bonds, sensitive to internal or external stimuli, can be incorporated into them and showed better activity as anticancer agents, siRNA delivery agents as well as antiviral and antiparasitic compounds.
The present work is a review of the information published, which is the most important about the synthesis and biological importance of the confined multivalent cooperation and the ability to modify the dendritic structure, provide the versatility to create and improve the amphiphiles used in the micellar supramolecular field. The most studied structures are the hybrid copolymers formed by the combination of linear polymers and dendrons. However, small dendritic molecules that do not involve linear polymers have also been developed, such as Janus dendrimers, facial dendrons, and dendritic amphiphiles with only one dendron. Amphiphilic dendrimer micelles have achieved efficient and promising results, both in in vitro and in vivo tests, which encourage their research for future application in nanotherapies.
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Cite this article as:
Nanomedical Applications of Amphiphilic Dendrimeric Micelles, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2021; 28 (38) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210329125601
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210329125601 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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