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Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5206
ISSN (Online): 1875-5992

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General Research Article

Kolaviron Ameliorates 7, 12-Dimethylbenzanthracene - Induced Mammary Damage

Author(s): Rabiatu B. Suleiman, Aliyu Muhammad*, Ismaila A. Umara, Mohammed A. Ibrahima, Ochuko L. Erukainure, Gilead E. Forcados and Sanusi B. Katsayal

Volume 22, Issue 1, 2022

Published on: 22 March, 2021

Page: [181 - 192] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210322101232

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Kolaviron (KV) is a flavonoid-rich portion obtained from Garcinia kola seeds with a number of reported pharmacological effects. However, its ameliorative effects on 7,12-Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary damage has not been fully investigated, despite the reported use of the seeds in the treatment of inflammatory related disorders.

Objective: To evaluate the ameliorative effects of KV on DMBA-induced mammary damage in female Wistar rats.

Methods: Forty-nine (49) female Wistar rats were randomly assigned into seven groups of seven rats each. DMBA was administered orally to rats in five of the groups as a single dose of 80 mg/kg body wt while the remaining two groups received the vehicle. The rats were palpated weekly for 3 months to monitor tumor formation. After 3 months of DMBA administration, 1 ml of blood was collected to assay for estrogen receptor- α (ER-α) level. Thereafter, the vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide) was daily administered to the negative control and positive control groups for the 14 days duration of the experiment while three groups were each given a daily oral dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body wt of KV for the duration of the experiment. The last DMBA-induced group received 10 mg/kg body wt of the standard drug tamoxifen twice a week, and the remaining DMBA-free group received 200 mg/kg body wt KV. Subsequently, the animals were humanely sacrificed, and ER-α, sialic acids, sialidase, sialyltransferase levels were assayed in blood and mammary tissues followed by histopathological examinations.

Results: Significantly higher levels of estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), formation of lobular neoplastic cells, epithelial hyperplasia, lymphocyte infiltration, and increased sialylation were detected in DMBA-induced rats. Treatment with KV at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight resulted in a significant (p<0.05) decrease in ER-α level, free serum sialic acid (21.1%), the total sialic acid level of the mammary tissue (21.57%), sialyltransferase activity (30.83%) as well as mRNA level of the sialyltransferase gene (ST3Gal1) were observed after KV interventions.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that KV could be further explored in targeting DMBA-induced mammary damage implicated in mammary carcinogenesis.

Keywords: 7, 12-Dimethylbenzanthracene, mammary neoplasia, hypersialylation, kolaviron, chemoprevention, ER-α.

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