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Review Article

细胞外囊泡在活化肝星状细胞逆转中的可能治疗用途：背景和未来展望

卷 22, 期 2, 2022

发表于: 18 February, 2021

页: [151 - 164] 页: 14

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1566524021666210218113928

价格: $65

摘要

肝纤维化是肝硬化性肝病的主要原因之一，缺乏治疗肝纤维化的疗法是一个主要问题。肝纤维化主要通过肝星状细胞的活化发生，一些干细胞疗法以前曾报道过用于治疗。然而，由于基于细胞的治疗存在一些问题，研究人员强烈寻求一种安全的治疗剂。细胞外囊泡是细胞来源的纳米颗粒，用于几种治疗方法，包括纤维化，因为它们能够在靶细胞中转移特定分子。本文总结并讨论了细胞外囊泡灭活星状细胞的可能性。根据几项研究，来自不同来源的细胞外囊泡可以通过调节星状细胞的活化来产生有益或有害的影响。因此，靶向细胞外囊泡以最大化或抑制其产生是纤维化肝脏治疗的潜在方法。来自不同细胞的细胞外囊泡也可以通过执行这些细胞的旁分泌作用来灭活星状细胞，作为代理。当它们各自的母细胞被设计成产生特定的星状细胞调节物质时，它们也被认为是抗纤维化分子的智能载体。许多研究表明，星状细胞活化可以通过特定蛋白质的上/下调来调节，而基于细胞囊泡的疗法可以成为利用这些机制的有效举措。总之，EV是有利的纳米载体，具有通过各种机制灭活活化的星状细胞来治疗纤维化肝脏的潜力。

关键词: 细胞外囊泡，肝星状细胞，失活，肝纤维化，治疗，DNA。

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