正在进行COVID-19 临床试验的小分子抗病毒药物

Title:Small-molecule Antiviral Agents in Ongoing Clinical Trials for COVID-19

Volume: 22 Issue: 17

关键词: COVID-19、SARS-CoV-2、抗病毒治疗、临床前研究、临床试验、作用机制。

摘要: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged in December 2019 and has rapidly spread globally. As the confirmed number of cases has reached 83 million worldwide, the potential severity and the deadly complications of the disease requires urgent development of effective drugs for prevention and treatment. No proven effective treatment for this virus currently exists. Most of the antiviral discovery efforts are focused on the repurposing of approved or clinical stage drugs. This review highlights the small-molecule repurposed antiviral agents that are currently under investigation in clinical trials for COVID-19. These include viral polymerase and protease inhibitors remdesivir, galidesivir, favipiravir, ribavirin, sofosbuvir, tenofovir/emtricitabine, baloxavir marboxil, EIDD-2801, lopinavir/ritonavir; virus-/host-directed viral entry and fusion inhibitors arbidol chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, chlorpromazine, camostat mesylate, nafamostat mesylate, bromhexine and agents with diverse/unclear mechanism of actions as oseltamivir, triazavirin, ivermectin, nitazoxanide, niclosamide and BLD-2660. The published preclinical and clinical data to date on these drugs as well as the mechanisms of action are reviewed.

Cite this article as:

Small-molecule Antiviral Agents in Ongoing Clinical Trials for COVID-19, Current Drug Targets 2021; 22 (17) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450122666210215112150