摘要
新的全基因组测序技术的出现发现了多种人类癌症中的异常 RNA 修饰和 RNA 编辑。在过去十年中,脂肪量和肥胖相关蛋白 (FTO) 脱甲基酶发现可逆 RNA N6-甲基腺苷 (RNA: m6A) 已导致关于 m6A 及其相应 RNA 修饰蛋白 (RMP) 的病理生理功能的成倍发表。一些优秀的评论总结了该领域的最新进展。与 RNA: m6A 和 DNA 5-甲基胞嘧啶 (DNA: m5C) 的研究范围相比,对其他 RNA 修饰及其相关 RMP 的了解要少得多,例如 RNA: m5C 及其 RNA 胞嘧啶甲基转移酶 (RCMT) 的作用在癌症治疗和耐药性方面。在这篇综述中,我们将总结围绕几种主要 RNA 修饰的功能、分子内分布和亚细胞定位的最新进展,包括 5'' 帽 N7-甲基鸟苷 (m7G) 和 2''-O-甲基化 (Nm)、m6A、m5C、 A-to-I 编辑,以及相关的 RMP。然后,我们将讨论癌症中这些 RNA 修饰和 RMP 的失调以及它们在癌症治疗和耐药性中的作用。
关键词:
图形摘要
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