Impact of Pharmacogenetic Determinants of Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate on Adverse Events in Renal Transplant Patients

Title:Impact of Pharmacogenetic Determinants of Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate on Adverse Events in Renal Transplant Patients

Volume: 22 Issue: 5

Author(s): Kalluri Thishya, Boddupally Sreenu, Sree B. Raju and Vijay Kumar Kutala*

Affiliation:

• Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, Telangana,India

Keywords: Tacrolimus, mycophenolate, renal transplant, acute rejection, adverse events, CYP3A5, ABCB1, UGT1A9, IMPDH.

Abstract:

Background: Graft acceptance against immunity is one of the major challenges in solid organ transplant. Immunosuppressive medications have effectively improved the post-transplantation outcome however, it has its own limitations. Genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes have been identified as the potential targets in developing a pharmacogenetic strategy, to individualize drug dose and also in preventing the adverse events.

Objective: The rationale of the study was to explore polymorphisms in tacrolimus and mycophenolate metabolic pathways that influence the adverse clinical outcomes in renal transplant recipients.

Methods: A total of 255 renal transplant recipients were analyzed for the pharmacogenetic determinants of tacrolimus (CYP3A5*3 ABCB1 1236 T>C ABCB1 2677 G>A/T ABCB1 3435 T>C) and mycophenolate (UGT1A8*3 UGT1A9 IMPDH I IMPDH II c.787C>T ABCC2 -24 C>T and c.3972C>T) using Sanger sequencing.

Results: Acute rejection (AR) was observed in 5.88% of the transplant recipients whereas acute tubular necrosis (ATNs) was observed in 7.45% of the patients within early stage of the maintenance phase. Infections such as urinary tract infection (UTI) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection were observed in 11.37% and 12.16% of the patients. The AUC of mycophenolate was significantly higher in patients with increased risk for infections. ABCC2 -24 C>T c.3972C>T polymorphisms and ABCB1 3435 C-allele were associated with reduced risk for infections. ABCC2 rs3740066 was associated with 2.06-fold all-cause mortality risk. CYP3A5 AG- and UGT1A9-440 CC-genotypes showed increased risk and ABCC 3972C>T CC-genotype showed protection against adverse events.

Conclusion: Genetic variants in tacrolimus and mycophenolate metabolic pathways were found to influence the morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients.

Cite this article as:

Thishya Kalluri , Sreenu Boddupally , Raju B. Sree and Kutala Kumar Vijay *, Impact of Pharmacogenetic Determinants of Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate on Adverse Events in Renal Transplant Patients, Current Drug Metabolism 2021; 22 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389200222666210114123349