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General Review Article

骨重塑中的分子信号通路和必需代谢元素:骨病治疗靶点的意义

卷 22, 期 1, 2021

发表于: 10 September, 2020

页: [77 - 104] 页: 28

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450121666200910160404

价格: $65

摘要

骨是人体的动态组织之一，通过骨细胞、破骨细胞和成骨细胞的后续作用，不断进行重塑。多种信号转导途径参与间充质干细胞向成骨细胞的转化。这些主要包括Runx2, ATF4, Wnt信号和交感神经信号。破骨细胞的分化受M-CSF、RANKL和共刺激信号控制。众所周知，骨重塑是通过核因子受体活化因子-κB配体与RANK结合调控的，最终诱导破骨细胞分化。骨吸收型破骨细胞分泌TRAP、组织蛋白酶K、MMP-9和明胶酶消化I型胶原蛋白基质，并在骨小梁内形成碟状陷窝并形成骨吸收通道。成骨细胞分泌一种可溶性诱骗受体，即骨保护素，可阻止RANK/RANKL结合，从而调节破骨形成。此外，骨内稳态还受到多种生长因子的调节，如细胞因子、促钙激素、甲状旁腺激素和性类固醇。本文综述了骨质量调控可能的分子靶点和骨重塑中必需代谢元素的作用的相关性。针对这些信号通路可能有助于设计新的治疗骨病的疗法。

关键词: 骨，成骨细胞，破骨细胞，等级，分子信号，雌激素。

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