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Review Article

外泌体：结构，生物发生，类型及其在诊断，基因和药物传递中的应用

卷 20, 期 3, 2020

页: [195 - 206] 页: 12

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1566523220999200731011702

价格: $65

摘要

近年来，已经研究了几种靶向基因治疗（GT）的方法。但是，细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为在细胞间传递遗传信息的穿梭物的出现，引起了科学界的极大兴趣。由于它们在处理短序列核酸（mRNA，miRNA），蛋白质，重组蛋白，外来体方面具有更高的能力，因此，最流行的细胞外囊泡形式被视为可靠的生物治疗载体。它们具有通过每个生物膜的天然通道，可用于特定部位和有效的药物输送，而不会引起任何免疫反应，因此，它们是理想的输送媒介。另外，在过去的几十年中，进行了许多研究，利用外泌体介导的基因疗法开发有效的疗法，其概念具有更高的基因分离，纯化和递送机制加载，递送和靶向方案的精确度。这篇综述讨论了有助于开发有效的基因治疗方案的几个方面，重点介绍了与当前GT相关的局限性和缺点以及建议的治疗方案。

关键词: 细胞外囊泡（EVs），病毒载体，基因组，microRNA（miRNA），short hairpin RNA（shRNA），免疫原性。

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