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Review Article

人工智能在治疗视网膜疾病中的应用

卷 21, 期 12, 2020

页: [1208 - 1215] 页: 8

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450121666200708120646

价格: $65

摘要

由于人口老龄化，世界各地的视网膜疾病患者越来越多。眼科诊断影像学的需求不断上升，而专科医生的数量却在不断减少。因此，提倡采用嵌入人工智能(AI)算法的前沿技术，以帮助眼科医生执行其临床任务，并为新生物标记的进展提供来源。特别是光学相干断层成像(OCT)对视网膜的评估可以通过基于机器学习和深度学习的算法来增强，以早期发现、定性定位和定量测量epi/视网膜内/视网膜下异常或黄斑或神经疾病的病理特征。在本文中，我们将讨论人工智能在越来越多的通过玻璃体内血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)抑制剂(即抗VEGF药物)治疗的疾病中促进视网膜成像的有效性和准确性，以及在此过程中的整合和解释特征。我们回顾了人工智能在糖尿病视网膜病变、年龄相关性黄斑变性和早产儿视网膜病变方面的最新进展，展望了高自动化系统在筛查、早期诊断、分级和个体化治疗方面的潜在关键作用。我们将讨论自动化评估眼科疾病活动、复发、再治疗时机和治疗潜在新靶点的好处和关键方面。人工智能的大规模应用对优化临床援助和鼓励针对不同模式的视网膜疾病定制治疗的影响也被讨论。

关键词: 视网膜疾病，黄斑并发症，抗VEGF药物，视网膜成像，光学相干断层摄影，人工智能，机器学习，深度学习。

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