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Current Drug Safety

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ISSN (Print): 1574-8863
ISSN (Online): 2212-3911

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Review Article

Poor and Unsatisfactory Disposal of Expired and Unused Pharmaceuticals: A Global Issue

Author(s): Sunil Nepal, Anil Giri, Ramesh Bhandari, Sharad Chand, Sudip Nepal, Santosh Aryal, Pukar Khanal, Jeet Bahadur Moktan and Chakrakodi Shashidhara Shastry*

Volume 15, Issue 3, 2020

Page: [167 - 172] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1574886315666200626164001

Price: $65

Abstract

Pharmaceuticals are beneficial to humankind and emerged as crucial arms to treat/manage multiple disease pathogenesis in the present era. In analogous, these medicines/ medical devices should be used cautiously as they possess a potential threat to induce multiple undesired effects that may be related to human health or the environment. Daunting effects may arise due to the improper disposal of unused/expired medicines. Hence, to minimize such harm, there should be adequate knowledge and practice among the population regarding the safe disposal of unused/expired medicines or related pharmaceutical devices. The lack of approved information regarding safe disposal of such substances may invite serious concerns like environmental pollution, which may induce immediate health hazards to the present population and upcoming future generations. There are numerous ways to dispose of, or manage the unused and expired pharmaceutical substances. Sharing the medicines among siblings, friends, and family members are never free from serious health risks. Storing the unused and expired medicines in the home increases the risk of intentional or accidental ingestion of such substances and may create a health emergency. Disposing medicines like household and municipal waste may lead to environmental pollution and harm to humans and animals. The present review finds the multiple unsafe ways of disposal of unutilized medications/tools. Furthermore, it also summarizes the disposal pattern of unutilized medications among the few developed and undeveloped nations.

Keywords: Expired pharmaceuticals, health hazards, leftover medicines, outdated medicines, pharmaceutical pollution, unused medicines.

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Graphical Abstract

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