Generic placeholder image

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-2010
ISSN (Online): 1873-4316

Research Article

In-Vitro Screening and Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites from a New Streptomyces sp. SA1 from a Marine Environment

Author(s): Mohammed A. Almalki*

Volume 21, Issue 13, 2020

Page: [1333 - 1341] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200622120850

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Streptomyces sp. produces various antibiotic agents and the number of lead molecules from the genus Streptomyces increased rapidly in recent years. Drug resistance against various commercially available antibiotics is one of the important problems throughout the world. Streptomyces spp. produce various antimicrobials with potent activity against drug-resistant bacteria.

Methods: Streptomyces sp. SA1 was isolated from the marine environment for the biosynthesis of antibiotics. The important variables influencing secondary metabolite biosynthesis were optimized to increase the biosynthesis of antimicrobial agents using the traditional method and statistical approach.

Results: Streptomyces sp. SA1 produced novel antibiotics and the process variables were optimized by the traditional method (One-variable-at-a-time approach). Maltose showed maximum antimicrobial activity (220 U/mL). Analysis of the nitrogen, the effect of nitrogen sources revealed that beef extract incorporated culture medium showed rich antibacterial activity (188/mL). Among the ionic sources, KCl significantly influenced antibiotic production. Maltose, beef extract and KCl were considered as the most influencing medium components. Antimicrobial agent biosynthesis was achieved with maltose 1.22 g/L, beef extract 0.93 g/L and KCl 0.27 g/L in response surface methodology.

Conclusion: Actinomycetes, especially Streptomyces, play an important role as a source for bioactive compounds that are used to treat infections, and many other diseases. The isolated Streptomyces sp. was a good producer of antibacterial agent, which required various nutritional supplements in the culture medium. The optimized medium components investigated in this study will be useful for future studies with the mass production of secondary metabolites.

Keywords: Streptomyces sp., secondary metabolites, antibiotics, pathogens, marine environment, antimicrobial activity.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Lee, A.S.; de Lencastre, H.; Garau, J.; Kluytmans, J.; Malhotra-Kumar, S.; Peschel, A.; Harbarth, S. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers, 2018, 4, 18033.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2018.33] [PMID: 29849094]
[2]
Sahin, N.; Ugur, A. Investigation of the antimicrobial activity of some Streptomyces isolates. Turk. J. Biol., 2003, 27, 79-84.
[3]
Olano, C.; Lombó, F.; Méndez, C.; Salas, J.A. Improving production of bioactive secondary metabolites in actinomycetes by metabolic engineering. Metab. Eng., 2008, 10(5), 281-292.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2008.07.001] [PMID: 18674632]
[4]
Manteca, A.; Yagüe, P. Streptomyces as a source of antimicrobials: Novel approaches to activate cryptic secondary metabolite pathways.Antimicrobials; Antibiotic Resistance, Antibiofilm Strategies and Activity Methods Intech Open, 2019.
[5]
Gao, H.; Liu, M.; Liu, J.; Dai, H.; Zhou, X.; Liu, X.; Zhuo, Y.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, L. Medium optimization for the production of avermectin B1a by Streptomyces avermitilis 14-12A using response surface methodology. Bioresour. Technol., 2009, 100(17), 4012-4016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.013] [PMID: 19356927]
[6]
Ren, J.; Lin, W.T.; Shen, Y.J.; Wang, J.F.; Luo, X.C.; Xie, M.Q. Optimization of fermentation media for nitrite oxidizing bacteria using sequential statistical design. Bioresour. Technol., 2008, 99(17), 7923-7927.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.027] [PMID: 18440806]
[7]
Vijayaraghavan, P.; Kalaiyarasi, M.; Vincent, S.G.P. Cow dung is an ideal fermentation medium for amylase production in solid-state fermentation by Bacillus cereus. J. Genet. Eng. Biotechnol., 2015, 13(2), 111-117.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2015.09.004] [PMID: 30647574]
[8]
Vijayaraghavan, P.; Arun, A.; Al-Dhabi, N.A.; Vincent, S.G.P.; Arasu, M.V.; Choi, K.C. Novel Bacillus subtilis IND19 cell factory for the simultaneous production of carboxy methyl cellulase and protease using cow dung substrate in solid-substrate fermentation. Biotechnol. Biofuels, 2016, 9, 73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-016-0481-6] [PMID: 27011767]
[9]
Deepak, V.; Kalishwaralal, K.; Ramkumarpandian, S.; Babu, S.V.; Senthilkumar, S.R.; Sangiliyandi, G. Optimization of media composition for Nattokinase production by Bacillus subtilis using response surface methodology. Bioresour. Technol., 2008, 99(17), 8170-8174.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.018] [PMID: 18430568]
[10]
Sayyad, S.A.; Panda, B.P.; Javed, S.; Ali, M. Optimization of nutrient parameters for lovastatin production by Monascus purpureus MTCC 369 under submerged fermentation using response surface methodology. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007, 73(5), 1054-1058.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0577-1] [PMID: 17019609]
[11]
Wang, Y.; Fang, X.; An, F.; Wang, G.; Zhang, X. Improvement of antibiotic activity of Xenorhabdus bovienii by medium optimization using response surface methodology. Microb. Cell Fact., 2011, 10, 98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2859-10-98] [PMID: 22082189]
[12]
Maxwell, P.W.; Chen, G.; Webster, J.M.; Dunphy, G.B. Stability and activities of antibiotics produced during infection of the insect Galleria mellonella by two isolates of Xenorhabdus nematophilus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1994, 60(2), 715-721.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.60.2.715-721.1994] [PMID: 16349198]
[13]
Bibb, M.J. Regulation of secondary metabolism in streptomycetes. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 2005, 8(2), 208-215.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2005.02.016] [PMID: 15802254]
[14]
Govindarajan, G.; Satheeja Santhi, V.; Jebakumar, S.R.D. Antimicrobial potential of phylogenetically unique actinomycete, Streptomyces sp. JRG-04 from marine origin. Biologicals, 2014, 42(6), 305-311.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biologicals.2014.08.003] [PMID: 25205608]
[15]
Wang, Y.H.; Li, Y.P.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, X. Enhanced antibiotic activity of Xenorhabdus nematophila by medium optimization. Bioresour. Technol., 2008, 99(6), 1708-1715.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.03.053] [PMID: 17531470]
[16]
Rateb, M.E.; Yu, Z.; Yan, Y.; Yang, D.; Huang, T.; Vodanovic-Jankovic, S.; Kron, M.A.; Shen, B. Medium optimization of Streptomyces sp. 17944 for tirandamycin B production and isolation and structural elucidation of tirandamycins H, I and J. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo), 2014, 67(1), 127-132.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ja.2013.50] [PMID: 23715040]
[17]
Narayana, K.J.P.; Vijayalakshmi, M. Optimization of antimicrobial metabolites production by Streptomyces albidoflavus. Res. J. Pharmacol., 2008, 2, 4-7.
[18]
Voelker, F.; Altaba, S. Nitrogen source governs the patterns of growth and pristinamycin production in ‘Streptomyces pristinaespiralis’. Microbiology, 2001, 147(Pt 9), 2447-2459.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-147-9-2447] [PMID: 11535785]
[19]
Chuan-He, Z.; Fu-Ping, L.; Ya-Nan, H. Juan- Kun, Z.; Lian-Xiang, D. Statistical optimization of medium components for avilamycin production by Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tu¨57-1 using response surface methodology. J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2007, 34, 271-278.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-006-0195-z] [PMID: 17186208]
[20]
Chen, X.C.; Bai, J.X.; Cao, J.M.; Li, Z.J.; Xiong, J.; Zhang, L.; Hong, Y.; Ying, H.J. Medium optimization for the production of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate by Microbacterium sp. no. 205 using response surface methodology. Bioresour. Technol., 2009, 100(2), 919-924.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2008.07.062] [PMID: 18778935]
[21]
Abou-Elela, G.M.; El-Sersy, N.; Wefky, S.H. Statistical optimization of cold adapted α-amylase production by free and immobilized cells of Nocardio psisaegyptia. J. Appl. Sci. Res., 2009, 5, 286-292.
[22]
Sharma, D.; Manhas, R.K. Applications of Plackett-Burman experimental design and Box and Wilson design to improve broad spectrum antimicrobial compound. Int. J. Biotechnol., 2013, 12, 386-394.
[23]
Zeinab, A.K.; Aly, M.S.; Faiza, A.; Fatma, E.M. The PlackettBurman design to evaluate significant media components for antimicrobial production of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 2015, 4, 1082-1096.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version265msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[23:49:57] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[23:49:58] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[23:49:58] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (91.11ms)time
  • Application (173ms)time
  • 1 x Application (65.55%)
    173ms
    1 x Booting (34.44%)
    91.11ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    36 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 32 unique. Show only duplicated91ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59765840','',1,1740527397,1740527397) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740527397
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59765840','/article/107555',1,1740527397,1740527397)
      970μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59765840 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59765840) limit 1
      11.22msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 59765840
      • 1: 59765840
      • 2: 59765840
      • 3: 59765840
      • 4: 59765840
      • 5: 59765840
      • 6: 59765840
      • 7: 59765840
      • 8: 59765840
      • 9: 59765840
      • 10: 59765840
      • 11: 59765840
      • 12: 59765840
      • 13: 59765840
      • 14: 59765840
      • 15: 59765840
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=107555
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 30 limit 1
      780μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 30
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=30) and sj.journal_id!=30 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      990μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=30) and sj.journal_id!=30 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      870μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=30) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.42msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=30) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.3msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '107555'
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 107555
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '107555'
      3.44msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 107555
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '107555' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.96msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 107555
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 30 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      30.61msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 30 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      12.78msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 30 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      11.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 107555 limit 1
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 107555
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 107555 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 183040 limit 1
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 183040
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CPB' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CPB
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '107555' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '10148' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2693' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2693) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2693) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2693)
      1.38msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 10148) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 10148) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 10148)
      550μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 107555) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 107555) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59765840 and j.to_ip >=59765840 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740527398 and j.to_date >= 1740527398 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 107555)
      610μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '1333' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 10148 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 1333
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '1341' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 10148 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      510μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 1341
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 107555 limit 1
      2.26msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 107555
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 30 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740527398 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740527398 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.32msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 30
      • 3: 1740527398
      • 4: 1740527398
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 30 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740527398 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740527398 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.12msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 30
      • 3: 1740527398
      • 4: 1740527398
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='6cbde749991dd95dcb307e16d4f4d81f'
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        R13HlRt90Zc1Djc40F45yxg7g60eErdoncaCelZY
        uc_cart_id
        6cbde749991dd95dcb307e16d4f4d81f
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/107555" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/107555
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 23:49:58 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlhxZURLT0Z0djZqVlNkS0xabzJaWEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFkrdGNGM1Z0Wnp6aDBrWUZEeFpsV0w0Y2c5TWdJd2ExNGk3TDZDRit6OWlBd1oxSmNzVExPRnFLMTBUWVFWekZwRnJONjJvOWJGMjFjK2FGcGZ2d0FVeVI4eVVuNll1K2Fhb0lFZllyT0dxeDhDTmowd1RTMkhCTXdnbU9KeTkiLCJtYWMiOiJmNTdkYWQxZTBiZjA3ZWQ1YmQ1MGFhNTkxOWI0ZGU1NzUyYWNjZTk1NjVmYTM4MWZjZTAzNjIwY2FjMDEyOWE0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 11:49:58 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlhxZURLT0Z0djZqVlNkS0xabzJaWEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFkrdGNGM1Z0Wnp6aDBrWUZEeFpsV0w0Y2c5TWdJd2ExNGk3TDZDRit6OWlBd1oxSmNzVExPRnFLMTBUWVFWekZwRnJON" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImV5cDJLUVlZK3ppTzNlMGtONzhpbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWRVcE5ib1hMSThITDljR0lTaXNpSkFlVTZndUVsUnpUa2kvN3B1QU1hbytPOUZ1ZjdUQzBmZ2tpaHFKbHY0Tm9nQlVwTzhZVThvNGJ0SVlxOUhXMmNwT1hqL09BTTBjK3U1NjkyaStuR05iZUxpTFlLUmVDQTRXOW9NVVBJWDgiLCJtYWMiOiJkMzViNGU4ZDdiNGNjOWY0NzUzNDJmNWViYThlMDBjNGI5ZGZiYmE0NGMxNmQzZDgxNDliNmIzYzEwODE1MjY5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImV5cDJLUVlZK3ppTzNlMGtONzhpbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWRVcE5ib1hMSThITDljR0lTaXNpSkFlVTZndUVsUnpUa2kvN3B1QU1hbytPOUZ1ZjdUQzBmZ2t" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlhxZURLT0Z0djZqVlNkS0xabzJaWEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFkrdGNGM1Z0Wnp6aDBrWUZEeFpsV0w0Y2c5TWdJd2ExNGk3TDZDRit6OWlBd1oxSmNzVExPRnFLMTBUWVFWekZwRnJONjJvOWJGMjFjK2FGcGZ2d0FVeVI4eVVuNll1K2Fhb0lFZllyT0dxeDhDTmowd1RTMkhCTXdnbU9KeTkiLCJtYWMiOiJmNTdkYWQxZTBiZjA3ZWQ1YmQ1MGFhNTkxOWI0ZGU1NzUyYWNjZTk1NjVmYTM4MWZjZTAzNjIwY2FjMDEyOWE0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 11:49:58 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlhxZURLT0Z0djZqVlNkS0xabzJaWEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWFkrdGNGM1Z0Wnp6aDBrWUZEeFpsV0w0Y2c5TWdJd2ExNGk3TDZDRit6OWlBd1oxSmNzVExPRnFLMTBUWVFWekZwRnJON" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImV5cDJLUVlZK3ppTzNlMGtONzhpbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWRVcE5ib1hMSThITDljR0lTaXNpSkFlVTZndUVsUnpUa2kvN3B1QU1hbytPOUZ1ZjdUQzBmZ2tpaHFKbHY0Tm9nQlVwTzhZVThvNGJ0SVlxOUhXMmNwT1hqL09BTTBjK3U1NjkyaStuR05iZUxpTFlLUmVDQTRXOW9NVVBJWDgiLCJtYWMiOiJkMzViNGU4ZDdiNGNjOWY0NzUzNDJmNWViYThlMDBjNGI5ZGZiYmE0NGMxNmQzZDgxNDliNmIzYzEwODE1MjY5IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImV5cDJLUVlZK3ppTzNlMGtONzhpbHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRWRVcE5ib1hMSThITDljR0lTaXNpSkFlVTZndUVsUnpUa2kvN3B1QU1hbytPOUZ1ZjdUQzBmZ2t" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "R13HlRt90Zc1Djc40F45yxg7g60eErdoncaCelZY" "uc_cart_id" => "6cbde749991dd95dcb307e16d4f4d81f" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/107555" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 23:49:58GET/article/107555314361