摘要
背景:氧化应激是许多疾病的标志。越来越多的证据表明,高血糖引起的氧化应激在胰腺β细胞功能障碍和细胞凋亡以及糖尿病并发症的发生和发展中起着重要作用。考虑到胰腺β细胞对氧化损伤的脆弱性,已提出诱导内源抗氧化剂或外源抗氧化剂来保护胰β细胞免受损伤。 目的:本综述旨在提供基于体外和体内研究的氧化应激和抗氧化疗法对胰腺β细胞功能的影响的证据。 方法:搜索MEDLINE和EMBASE数据库以检索可用数据。 结果:由于不良的内源性抗氧化机制,胰腺β细胞对活性氧(ROS)极为敏感。就抗氧化剂和糖尿病的改善作用而言,许多天然提取物已在胰腺β细胞系中进行了体外测试,其中大多数已显示出剂量依赖性的保护作用。另一方面,关于抗糖尿病药对胰腺β细胞的体外抗氧化作用的证据相对有限。关于体内研究,几种天然提取物通过降低血糖和血脂水平,提高胰岛素敏感性以及上调固有的抗氧化酶活性,已显示出对糖尿病的有益作用。然而,从体内研究中获得的有关抗糖尿病药物的证据有限。 结论:在体外和体内研究的支持下,抗氧化剂有望开发出旨在预防或治疗与胰岛β细胞功能异常相关的糖尿病的策略。但是,药物需要更多的体外研究。
关键词: 抗氧化酶,生物标志物,糖尿病,氧化应激,胰腺β细胞,活性氧种类,体外研究,体内研究。
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