Generic placeholder image

Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

General Review Article

Long Non-coding RNAs in Metabolic and Inflammatory Pathways in Obesity

Author(s): Yue Shi, Jiayuan Qu, Liyue Gai, Ding Yuan* and Chengfu Yuan*

Volume 26, Issue 27, 2020

Page: [3317 - 3325] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200316143842

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: In recent decades, the incidence of obesity has been rising globally. Obesity can often cause various inflammatory reactions, resulting in several diseases that threaten public health. The purpose of this review is to explore the role of long non-coding RNAs in metabolic obesity and find new targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

Methods: We described the relationship between obesity and inflammation, reviewed several signaling pathways in metabolic inflammation, and summarized some of the long non-coding RNAs and their targets associated with metabolic inflammation. The related studies were retrieved through a systematic search of the PubMed database.

Result: Metabolic stress during obesity can cause inflammation through several metabolic pathways. Many long non-coding RNAs can affect the progression of metabolic inflammation by affecting different pathways.

Conclusion: Downregulation or antagonization of long non-coding RNAs in metabolic pathways may provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic inflammation.

Keywords: Metabolic inflammation, signaling pathway, long non-coding RNA, obesity, inflammation, metabolic stress.

[1]
Fergus EC. Obesity: unrecognised or avoided We are missing opportunities to ‘make every contact count’. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2019.archdischild-2019-317734.
[2]
Wang Y, Beydoun MA, Liang L, Caballero B, Kumanyika SK. Will all Americans become overweight or obese? estimating the progression and cost of the US obesity epidemic. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16(10): 2323-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2008.351] [PMID: 18719634]
[3]
Bray GA. Medical consequences of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89(6): 2583-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2004-0535] [PMID: 15181027]
[4]
Ringseis R, Eder K, Mooren FC, Krüger K. Metabolic signals and innate immune activation in obesity and exercise. Exerc Immunol Rev 2015; 21: 58-68.
[PMID: 25825956]
[5]
Kleemann R, van Erk M, Verschuren L, et al. Time-resolved and tissue-specific systems analysis of the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. PLoS One 2010; 5(1) e8817
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008817] [PMID: 20098690]
[6]
Chowdhury IH, Narra HP, Sahni A, Khanipov K, Fofanov Y, Sahni SK. Enhancer Associated Long Non-coding RNA Transcription and Gene Regulation in Experimental Models of Rickettsial Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 9: 3014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.03014] [PMID: 30687302]
[7]
Bondia-Pons I, Ryan L, Martinez JA. Oxidative stress and inflammation interactions in human obesity. J Physiol Biochem 2012; 68(4): 701-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13105-012-0154-2] [PMID: 22351038]
[8]
Lumeng CN, Bodzin JL, Saltiel AR. Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization. J Clin Invest 2007; 117(1): 175-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI29881] [PMID: 17200717]
[9]
Bhargava P, Lee CH. Role and function of macrophages in the metabolic syndrome. Biochem J 2012; 442(2): 253-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20111708] [PMID: 22329799]
[10]
Liu G, Bei J, Liang L, Yu G, Li L, Li Q. Stachyose Improves Inflammation Through Modulating Gut Microbiota of HighFat Diet / Streptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Rats. 2018; 62(6) :1700954.
[11]
Schappe MS, Szteyn K, Stremska ME, et al. Chanzyme TRPM7 Mediates the Ca2+ Influx Essential for Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Toll-Like Receptor 4 Endocytosis and Macrophage Activation. Immunity 2018; 48(1): 59-74.e5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.026] [PMID: 29343440]
[12]
Enos RT, Velázquez KT, Murphy EA. Insight into the impact of dietary saturated fat on tissue-specific cellular processes underlying obesity-related diseases. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25(6): 600-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.01.011] [PMID: 24742471]
[13]
Neymotin F, Nemzer LR. Locus of Control and Obesity. Front Endocrinol 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2014.00159]]
[14]
Lee B-C, Lee J. Cellular and molecular players in adipose tissue inflammation in the development of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1842(3): 446-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.05.017] [PMID: 23707515]
[15]
Dali-Youcef N, Ricci R. Signalling Networks Governing Metabolic Inflammation. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2016; 233: 195-220.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/164_2015_4] [PMID: 25903413]
[16]
Chuang HC, Wang X, Tan TH. MAP4K Family Kinases in Immunity and Inflammation. Adv Immunol 2016; 129: 277-314.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.ai.2015.09.006] [PMID: 26791862]
[17]
Kumar A, Singh UK, Kini SG, et al. JNK pathway signaling: a novel and smarter therapeutic targets for various biological diseases. Future Med Chem 2015; 7(15): 2065-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/fmc.15.132] [PMID: 26505831]
[18]
Pearson G, Robinson F, Beers Gibson T, et al. Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways: regulation and physiological functions. Endocr Rev 2001; 22(2): 153-83.
[PMID: 11294822]
[19]
Rodriguez Lanzi C, Perdicaro DJ, Landa MS, et al. Grape pomace extract induced beige cells in white adipose tissue from rats and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 56(11): 224-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.03.001] [PMID: 29631143]
[20]
Han MS, Barrett T, Brehm MA, Davis RJ. Inflammation Mediated by JNK in Myeloid Cells Promotes the Development of Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cell Rep 2016; 15(1): 19-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.03.008] [PMID: 27052181]
[21]
Wulczyn FG, Krappmann D, Scheidereit C. The NF-κ B/Rel and I κ B gene families: mediators of immune response and inflammation. J Mol Med (Berl) 1996; 74(12): 749-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050078] [PMID: 8974017]
[22]
Mohammadi A, Sahebkar A, Iranshahi M, et al. Effects of supplementation with curcuminoids on dyslipidemia in obese patients: a randomized crossover trial. Phytother Res 2013; 27(3): 374-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.4715] [PMID: 22610853]
[23]
Gao LN, Feng QS, Zhang XF, Wang QS, Cui YL. Tetrandrine suppresses articular inflammatory response by inhibiting pro-inflammatory factors via NF-κB inactivation. J Orthop Res 2016; 34(9): 1557-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.23155] [PMID: 26748661]
[24]
Diaz-Meco MT, Moscat J. The atypical PKCs in inflammation: NF-κB and beyond. Immunol Rev 2012; 246(1): 154-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2012.01093.x] [PMID: 22435553]
[25]
Wong ET, Tergaonkar V. Roles of NF-kappaB in health and disease: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Clin Sci (Lond) 2009; 116(6): 451-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20080502] [PMID: 19200055]
[26]
Leppänen T, Tuominen RK, Moilanen E. Protein kinase C and its inhibitors in the regulation of inflammation: inducible nitric oxide synthase as an example. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 114(1): 37-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12139] [PMID: 24107256]
[27]
Tobias I. Molecular Mechanisms of Atypical Protein Kinase C Regulation in Insulin Signaling (Doctoral dissertation, UC San Diego) 2016.
[28]
Hirai T, Chida K. Protein Kinase Cζ (PKCζ). Activation Mechanisms and Cellular Functions 2003; 133(1): 1-7.
[PMID: 12932816]
[29]
Kang JH, Toita R, Kim CW, Katayama Y. Protein kinase C (PKC) isozyme-specific substrates and their design. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30(6): 1662-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.07.004] [PMID: 22841933]
[30]
Meng Q, Xia Y. c-Jun, at the crossroad of the signaling network. Protein Cell 2011; 2(11): 889-98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13238-011-1113-3] [PMID: 22180088]
[31]
Aggarwal BB. Targeting inflammation-induced obesity and metabolic diseases by curcumin and other nutraceuticals. Annual Rev Nutr 2010; 30: 173-99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.012809.104755]
[32]
Kim MS, Lim WK, Cha JG, et al. The activation of PI 3-K and PKC ζ in PMA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells. Cancer Lett 2001; 171(1): 79-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00505-5] [PMID: 11485830]
[33]
Kanzaki M, Mora S, Hwang JB, Saltiel AR, Pessin JE. Atypical protein kinase C (PKCzeta/λ) is a convergent downstream target of the insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and TC10 signaling pathways. J Cell Biol 2004; 164(2): 279-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200306152] [PMID: 14734537]
[34]
Fatica A, Bozzoni I. Long non-coding RNAs: new players in cell differentiation and development. Nat Rev Genet 2014; 15(1): 7-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg3606] [PMID: 24296535]
[35]
Li H, Yu B, Li J, et al. Overexpression of lncRNA H19 enhances carcinogenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2014; 5(8): 2318-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.1913] [PMID: 24810858]
[36]
Chu C, Qu K, Zhong FL, Artandi SE, Chang HY. Genomic maps of long noncoding RNA occupancy reveal principles of RNA-chromatin interactions. Mol Cell 2011; 44(4): 667-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2011.08.027] [PMID: 21963238]
[37]
Arita T, Ichikawa D, Konishi H, et al. Circulating long non-coding RNAs in plasma of patients with gastric cancer. Anticancer Res 2013; 33(8): 3185-93.
[PMID: 23898077]
[38]
Geng C, Wang Z, Wang D, et al. LncRNADisease: a database for long-non-coding RNA-associated diseases. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; (D1): D1.
[PMID: 23175614]
[39]
Kotzin JJ, Spencer SP, McCright SJ. Kumar, Dinesh B. Uthaya, Collet MA, Mowel WK, Elliott EN, Uyar A, Makiya MA, Dunagin MC: The long non-coding RNA Morrbid regulates Bim and short-lived myeloid cell lifespan. Nature 2016; (239-243): 537.
[40]
Chen X, Yan G-Y. Novel human lncRNA-disease association inference based on lncRNA expression profiles. Bioinformatics 2013; 29(20): 2617-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt426] [PMID: 24002109]
[41]
Sathishkumar C, Prabu P, Mohan V, Balasubramanyam M. Linking a role of lncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) with insulin resistance, accelerated senescence, and inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hum Genomics 2018; 12(1): 41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40246-018-0173-3] [PMID: 30139387]
[42]
Wang KC, Chang HY. Molecular mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs. Mol Cell 2011; 43(6): 904-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2011.08.018] [PMID: 21925379]
[43]
Chen J, Liu Y, Lu S, et al. The role and possible mechanism of lncRNA U90926 in modulating 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Int J Obes 2017; 41(2): 299-308.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2016.189] [PMID: 27780975]
[44]
Cui X, You L, Li Y, et al. A transcribed ultraconserved noncoding RNA, uc.417, serves as a negative regulator of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis. FASEB J 2016; 30(12): 4301-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.201600694R] [PMID: 27655899]
[45]
Fang YX, Zou Y, Wang GT, Huang SH, Zhou YJ, Zhou YJ. lnc TINCR induced by NOD1 mediates inflammatory response in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Gene 2019; 698: 150-6.
[
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version388msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[13:30:27] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[13:30:27] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[13:30:27] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (110ms)time
  • Application (278ms)time
  • 1 x Application (71.59%)
    278ms
    1 x Booting (28.41%)
    110ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    36 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 32 unique. Show only duplicated188ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('316589210','',1,1739971827,1739971827) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1739971827
      1.23msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('316589210','/article/105270',1,1739971827,1739971827)
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 316589210 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 316589210) limit 1
      12.35msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 316589210
      • 1: 316589210
      • 2: 316589210
      • 3: 316589210
      • 4: 316589210
      • 5: 316589210
      • 6: 316589210
      • 7: 316589210
      • 8: 316589210
      • 9: 316589210
      • 10: 316589210
      • 11: 316589210
      • 12: 316589210
      • 13: 316589210
      • 14: 316589210
      • 15: 316589210
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=105270
      750μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 29 limit 1
      860μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 29
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and sj.journal_id!=29 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and sj.journal_id!=29 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      890μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=29) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '105270'
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 105270
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '105270'
      2.93msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 105270
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '105270' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      2.14msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 105270
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      710μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 29 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      59.72msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 29 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      44.2msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 29 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      39.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 105270 limit 1
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 105270
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 105270 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 180252 limit 1
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 180252
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CPD' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CPD
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '105270' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      400μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '9997' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2790' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2790) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2790) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2790)
      8.26msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9997) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9997) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 9997)
      650μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 105270) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 105270) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316589210 and j.to_ip >=316589210 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971827 and j.to_date >= 1739971827 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 105270)
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '3317' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9997 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      560μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 3317
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '3325' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 9997 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      500μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 3325
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 105270 limit 1
      2.54msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 105270
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 29 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739971827 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739971827 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.22msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 29
      • 3: 1739971827
      • 4: 1739971827
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 29 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739971827 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739971827 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.17msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 29
      • 3: 1739971827
      • 4: 1739971827
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='7b0dad2f597c09cf5605d16a25680bb9'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        tSA9v7XQuHIaCwS9LwTl7XG5WOWkTV7mPvrl1XHC
        uc_cart_id
        7b0dad2f597c09cf5605d16a25680bb9
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/105270" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/105270
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:9 [ "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlRhVHNheVdZLzdkRjNiQk53emwrZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTzJsY1ZJaW4wSHk4OEsrSFh6UUl1Y2JFdFFua2xjWnJ4WkdzQkdqRVQ2Yz0iLCJtYWMiOiI0OGUwODkyNTg5ZmUwZjdlOGQ4NDk1MzgzYTczM2JkMDAzYjlhNzgzMDU2ZGQxYmU4NmNhZWE1ZWQwZTE3OTZjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6IlRhVHNheVdZLzdkRjNiQk53emwrZVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTzJsY1ZJaW4wSHk4OEsrSFh6UUl1Y2JFdFFua2xjWnJ4WkdzQkdqRVQ2Yz0iLCJtYWMiOiI0OGUwODkyNTg5ZmUw" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Wed, 19 Feb 2025 13:30:27 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVPaDlCZWlVdWUyRHVRU0FDL3hrWGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTzFkNkpYeHRncTBFb21ybGxkQmlJQllXekptRVJmNWlKYXoyZk5tSEM1Q0J0MkJZUnZ0VnF6WEt6b2UyNEMvTXlwK25xSXRPbmhoK2NvODh0RnpVc1ducm8rWmJuTGxIb05taENVK2ZJYUY0OW5TellsRmRIb3ZtVHZWcVR6Ym8iLCJtYWMiOiI5OGY3NTliZDM3MTQwZjAzYmJmOGQ3NGJiMDRmMzhmMjBiNzI3M2E0YzU3MjFmZTE0YTg2ZjUwNDEwY2M0MmE0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22 Feb 2025 01:30:27 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVPaDlCZWlVdWUyRHVRU0FDL3hrWGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTzFkNkpYeHRncTBFb21ybGxkQmlJQllXekptRVJmNWlKYXoyZk5tSEM1Q0J0MkJZUnZ0VnF6WEt6b2UyNEMvTXlwK25xS" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkRNWEhvK3M4Nk5DZG1vTFpJRnVjL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRG4zSU5LZ25PSExrT0hjSVN3ZU9xWXhuYi9tNVZHemo4R2RySlJ4R01rWnV6WlNzZExYbzVSeWVOR0hZN2kxV29IT2FWOVFtb3NpL1drTVBBME1NeXZRVnNEOGVvWlVGcEdoSzcwMnEycVlvdm5BTEdaanRad1lJTE10N3c1SXEiLCJtYWMiOiIzZmYzZDc3YWIwNmFjMGY5MjVhZTIzYzdiYzllNWYyNmYwYjA5Njg0NWM5NzRlZGM5M2JiNzUzMjJlMDQ3OTg0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkRNWEhvK3M4Nk5DZG1vTFpJRnVjL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRG4zSU5LZ25PSExrT0hjSVN3ZU9xWXhuYi9tNVZHemo4R2RySlJ4R01rWnV6WlNzZExYbzVSeWV" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVPaDlCZWlVdWUyRHVRU0FDL3hrWGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTzFkNkpYeHRncTBFb21ybGxkQmlJQllXekptRVJmNWlKYXoyZk5tSEM1Q0J0MkJZUnZ0VnF6WEt6b2UyNEMvTXlwK25xSXRPbmhoK2NvODh0RnpVc1ducm8rWmJuTGxIb05taENVK2ZJYUY0OW5TellsRmRIb3ZtVHZWcVR6Ym8iLCJtYWMiOiI5OGY3NTliZDM3MTQwZjAzYmJmOGQ3NGJiMDRmMzhmMjBiNzI3M2E0YzU3MjFmZTE0YTg2ZjUwNDEwY2M0MmE0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22-Feb-2025 01:30:27 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImVPaDlCZWlVdWUyRHVRU0FDL3hrWGc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiTzFkNkpYeHRncTBFb21ybGxkQmlJQllXekptRVJmNWlKYXoyZk5tSEM1Q0J0MkJZUnZ0VnF6WEt6b2UyNEMvTXlwK25xS" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkRNWEhvK3M4Nk5DZG1vTFpJRnVjL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRG4zSU5LZ25PSExrT0hjSVN3ZU9xWXhuYi9tNVZHemo4R2RySlJ4R01rWnV6WlNzZExYbzVSeWVOR0hZN2kxV29IT2FWOVFtb3NpL1drTVBBME1NeXZRVnNEOGVvWlVGcEdoSzcwMnEycVlvdm5BTEdaanRad1lJTE10N3c1SXEiLCJtYWMiOiIzZmYzZDc3YWIwNmFjMGY5MjVhZTIzYzdiYzllNWYyNmYwYjA5Njg0NWM5NzRlZGM5M2JiNzUzMjJlMDQ3OTg0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkRNWEhvK3M4Nk5DZG1vTFpJRnVjL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiRG4zSU5LZ25PSExrT0hjSVN3ZU9xWXhuYi9tNVZHemo4R2RySlJ4R01rWnV6WlNzZExYbzVSeWV" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "tSA9v7XQuHIaCwS9LwTl7XG5WOWkTV7mPvrl1XHC" "uc_cart_id" => "7b0dad2f597c09cf5605d16a25680bb9" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/105270" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-19 13:30:27GET/article/105270314361