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Current Diabetes Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Review Article

Context-Dependent Regulation of Nrf2/ARE Axis on Vascular Cell Function during Hyperglycemic Condition

Author(s): Tharmarajan Ramprasath*, Allen John Freddy, Ganesan Velmurugan , Dhanendra Tomar, Balakrishnan Rekha, Vemparthan Suvekbala and Subbiah Ramasamy*

Volume 16, Issue 8, 2020

Page: [797 - 806] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1573399816666200130094512

Price: $65

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of micro and macrovascular complications. During hyperglycemic conditions, endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells are exquisitely sensitive to high glucose. This high glucose-induced sustained reactive oxygen species production leads to redox imbalance, which is associated with endothelial dysfunction and vascular wall remodeling. Nrf2, a redox-regulated transcription factor plays a key role in the antioxidant response element (ARE)-mediated expression of antioxidant genes. Although accumulating data indicate the molecular mechanisms underpinning the Nrf2 regulated redox balance, understanding the influence of the Nrf2/ARE axis during hyperglycemic condition on vascular cells is paramount. This review focuses on the context-dependent role of Nrf2/ARE signaling on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cell function during hyperglycemic conditions. This review also highlights improving the Nrf2 system in vascular tissues, which could be a potential therapeutic strategy for vascular dysfunction.

Keywords: Nrf2/ARE, vascular dysfunction, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, phase II antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress.

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