Abstract
With the emergence of non-conventional energy resources and development of energy storage devices, serious efforts on lithium (Li) based rechargeable solid electrolyte batteries (Li- SEBs) are attaining momentum due to their potential as a safe candidate to replace state-of-the-art conventionally existing flammable organic liquid electrolyte-based Li-ion batteries (LIBs). However, Li-ion conduction in solid electrolytes (SEs) has been one of the major bottlenecks in large scale commercialization of next-generation Li-SEBs. Here, in this review, various challenges in the realization of high-performance Li-SEBs are discussed and recent strategies employed for the development of efficient SEs are reviewed. In addition, special focus is laid on the ionic conductivity enhancement techniques for inorganic (including ceramics, glasses, and glass-ceramics) and polymersbased SEs. The development of novel fabrication routes with controlled parameters and highperformance temperature optimized SEs with stable electrolyte-electrode interfaces are proposed to realize highly efficient Li-SEBs.
Keywords: Solid electrolytes, Li-ion, solid-state batteries, ionic conductivity, electrolyte-electrode interface, electrochemical performance, energy storage devices.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095287] [PMID: 24748375]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.037]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.20964/2017.05.20]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.10.060]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.12.090]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(84)80080-4]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0441504jes]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620594]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-092X(93)90060-2]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b820555h] [PMID: 19690737]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3EE40795K]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.06.060]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3066] [PMID: 21804556]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.42]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.141]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en6094682]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.02.008]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4941462]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2016.30]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201401408]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201501590]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15458-9_11]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(94)90309-3]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm0300516]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19960080205]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1379028]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2011.10.022]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200401286]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(94)00515-X]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(96)00610-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2013.01.005]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2004.06.015]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2006.05.069]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.119]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2003.11.008]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.04.158]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4095(199804)10:6<439::AID-ADMA439>3.0.CO;2-I] [PMID: 21647973]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00436-5]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/22/223001]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11581-016-1756-4]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6TA02621D]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6CS00491A] [PMID: 28098280]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201800821] [PMID: 30073772]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat4369] [PMID: 26280225]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.01.076]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201705702] [PMID: 29468745]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0021514jes]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.10.034]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.01.028]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-012-1977-z]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6CE00171H]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00563] [PMID: 26713396]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2013.10.002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702657]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.07.036]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2018.10.004]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5TA08574H]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2015.11.034]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b10119] [PMID: 27677413]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2015.06.001]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b00610]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41560-018-0312-z]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm901452z]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2015.12.029]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b02352] [PMID: 26551954]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.03.047]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijag.12037]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijag.12084]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2421-0]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.036]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2016.02.002]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.02.160]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja508723m] [PMID: 25602621]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4TA05231E]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(83)90018-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6EE00633G]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja407393y] [PMID: 24079534]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.07.029]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5b04444] [PMID: 26118319]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4TA01243G]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6CC02131J] [PMID: 27068086]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.115]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.06.074]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.04.110]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.118.305]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.08.024]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/am501370f] [PMID: 24964233]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.09.117]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6TA10142A]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.05.093]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.03.027]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b06327] [PMID: 28741936]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.070]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.08.046]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2011.60]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4TA03591G]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3TA15223E]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.148]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201707132] [PMID: 29575234]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.01.086]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm4016222]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134303]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja305709z] [PMID: 22849550]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201500359] [PMID: 27812460]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5TA07450A]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.044]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.170]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.01.012]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2013.09.006]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(73)90146-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b10597] [PMID: 27726333]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b10088] [PMID: 27960330]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr500003w] [PMID: 25351820]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201509299] [PMID: 26840215]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma0629541]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma802799p]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01596]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma301404q]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma502234y]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01553]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00290]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00167a042]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma049195b]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja072929q] [PMID: 17685524]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma802304y]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja908379q] [PMID: 19947607]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b15893] [PMID: 28128925]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2015.07.022]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00423-7]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr030203g] [PMID: 15669157]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm070213o]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma401267w]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2013.08.014]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3CC49588D] [PMID: 24653996]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2011.06.055]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.052]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(87)90394-6]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.08.035]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b01273]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma2001096]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.074]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.226]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2015.07.011]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.010]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.11.088]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.11.099]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.058]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.12.061]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/28818]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta10612h]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6TA07384K]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00600] [PMID: 25782069]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201803616] [PMID: 30221404]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(96)00042-2]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1130557] [PMID: 17110567]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1615352]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2004.06.054]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2003.11.026]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp0021493]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35104620] [PMID: 11713541]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.matsci.33.022802.091651]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.05.008]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b06797] [PMID: 28024352]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nenergy.2017.35]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04117] [PMID: 26595277]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(83)90083-8]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(03)00025-0]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1600422113] [PMID: 27307440]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402969] [PMID: 25394334]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b05341] [PMID: 27440104]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0013-4686(94)85091-7]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.12.037]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6TA10066J]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201800615] [PMID: 30132998]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700294]