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Mini-Review Article

导致人类慢性疾病的单链RNA病毒的抗病毒药物靶标

卷 21, 期 2, 2020

页: [105 - 124] 页: 20

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450119666190920153247

价格: $65

摘要

与人类慢性疾病有关的核糖核酸（RNA）病毒是对公共健康的主要威胁，在全球范围内造成很高的死亡率。 RNA病毒的高突变率有助于它们逃避免疫反应，并且还引起耐药性的发展。人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和肝炎病毒（HBV和HCV）引起的慢性感染分别导致获得性免疫缺陷综合症（AIDS）和肝细胞癌，这是人类死亡的主要原因之一。绝对有必要采取有效的预防措施，以限制慢性和再次出现的病毒感染。每类抗病毒剂都针对病毒生命周期中的特定阶段，并抑制其发展和增殖。大多数情况下，抗病毒药物靶向特定的病毒蛋白，因此只有少数几种广谱药物可用。这篇综述将集中在病原性病毒的选定病毒靶蛋白上，这些病原性病毒包含导致人类慢性感染的单链（ss）RNA基因组（例如HIV，HCV，黄病毒）。在最近的过去，可用的三维蛋白质结构数量呈指数级增长（在蛋白质数据库中> 150000），使我们能够更好地了解蛋白质靶标和抗病毒药物的分子机制。电子计算机方法的进步为设计和开发针对病毒蛋白的新型，高特异性小分子抑制剂铺平了道路。

关键词: RNA病毒，慢性疾病，药物靶标，抑制剂，抗病毒剂，HIV，肝炎，黄病毒，蛋白质结构。

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