Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Traditional Medicine

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2215-0838
ISSN (Online): 2215-0846

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

A Pharmacological Review of Four Widely Used Traditional Medicinal Plants for Wound Healing in Bangladesh

Author(s): Md. Rajdoula Rafe*, Rayhanus Salam, Syeda Naureen Ahmed, Zebunnesa Ahmed and Surid Mohammad Chowdhury

Volume 6, Issue 1, 2020

Page: [65 - 74] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190820120523

Price: $65

Abstract

Traditional and folklore medicines have gained popularity throughout the world due to their safety. Herbal medicines with pharmacological activities and nutritional value are the most popular choice. Cultural and geographical factors of Bangladesh make it a vast source for herbal medicines. In addition, the cost-effectiveness of herbal medicines has also played an important role to make it a drug of choice among the developing countries like Bangladesh. People of Bangladesh have been using plants for centuries to treat different wounds caused by excision and incision. In this current review, we have gone through an extensive literature search to find out the four most commonly used medicinal plants for the treatment of wounds and their pharmacological activities in scientific researches. The featured plants of this review articles are, Calotropis gigantea, Cynodon dactylon, Acorus calamus and Justicia gendarussa. In traditional and herbal medicines, many plants are used without their scientific validation and we intend to perform a literature review in order to find out the potential scientific value of the featured plants. In addition, with pharmacological activities, their traditional formulation as a wound healing drug is also added to this article. This study will help validate the uses of these plants as traditional medicine and for researchers to find out potential therapeutic drugs according to their pharmacological studies.

Keywords: Herbal medicine, wound, pharmacological, formulation, green environment, potential therapeutic drugs.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Nasri H, Shirzad H. Toxicity and safety of medicinal plants. J Herb Med Pharmacol 2013; 2(2): 21-2.
[2]
Hossan S, Agarwala B, Sarwar S, Karim M, Jahan R, Rahmatullah M, et al. Traditional use of medicinal plants in Bangladesh to treat urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases. Ethnobot Res Appl 2010; 8(1): 61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/era.8.0.61-74]
[3]
Rahmatullah M, Kabir AABT, Rahman MM, Hossan MS, Khatun Z, Khatun MA, et al. Ethnomedicinal practices among a minority group of Christians residing in Mirzapur village of Dinajpur district, Bangladesh. Adv Nat Appl Sci 2010; 4(1): 45-51.
[4]
Nadembega P, Boussim JI, Nikiema JB, Poli F, Antognoni F. Medicinal plants in Baskoure, Kourittenga Province, Burkina Faso: An ethnobotanical study. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 133(2): 378-95.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.010] [PMID: 20950680]
[5]
Sofowora EA. Medicinal Plants and Medicine in Africa. 2nd ed. 1993; p. 378.
[6]
Asase A, Akwetey GA, Achel DG. Ethnopharmacological use of herbal remedies for the treatment of malaria in the Dangme West District of Ghana. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 129(3): 367-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.04.001] [PMID: 20382213]
[7]
Asase A, Kokubun T, Grayer RJ, et al. Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants from Ghana: Cassia sieberiana, Haematostaphis barteri, Mitragyna inermis and Pseudocedrela kotschyi. Phytother Res 2008; 22(8): 1013-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2392] [PMID: 18618525]
[8]
Rafieian-Kopaei M, Sewell RDE. The history and ups and downs of herbal medicines usage. J Herb Med Pharmacol 2014; 3(1): 1-3.
[9]
Shil S, Choudhury MD. Indigenous knowledge on healthcare practices by the reang tribe of Dhalai District of Tripura, North East India. Ethnobot Leafl 2009; 13(1): 775-90.
[10]
Scartezzini P, Speroni E. Review on some plants of Indian traditional medicine with antioxidant activity. J Ethnopharmacol 2000; 71(1-2): 23-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00213-0] [PMID: 10904144]
[11]
Thakur R, Jain N, Pathak R, Sandhu SS. Practices in wound healing studies of plants. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med 2011; 438056: 1-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/438056]
[12]
Harding KG, Morris HL, Patel GK. Science, medicine and the future: Healing chronic wounds. BMJ 2002; 324(7330): 160-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.324.7330.160] [PMID: 11799036]
[13]
Yuan R, Lin Y. Traditional Chinese medicine: An approach to scientific proof and clinical validation. Pharmacol Ther 2000; 86(2): 191-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0163-7258(00)00039-5] [PMID: 10799714]
[14]
Rafe MR. A review of five traditionally used anti-diabetic plants of Bangladesh and their pharmacological activities. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2017; 10(10): 933-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.09.002] [PMID: 29111187]
[15]
Nalwaya N, Pokharna G, Deb L, Jain NK. Wound healing activity of latex of Calotropis gigantea. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2009; 1(1): 176.
[16]
Deshmukh PT, Fernandes J, Atul A, Toppo E. Wound healing activity of Calotropis gigantea root bark in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 125(1): 178-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.06.007] [PMID: 19539020]
[17]
Kumar G, Karthik L. Rao KVB. In vitro anti-Candida activity of Calotropis gigantea against clinical isolates of Candida. J Pharm Res 2010; 3(1): 539.
[18]
Alam MA, Habib MR, Nikkon R, Rahman M, Karim MR. Antimicrobial activity of akanda (Calotropis gigantea/i L.) on some pathogenic bacteria. Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res 2008; 43(3): 397-404.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v43i3.1156]
[19]
Habib MR, Aziz MA, Karim MR. Inhibition of Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma by ethyl acetate extract from the flower of Calotropis gigantea L. in mice. J Appl Biomed 2010; 8(1): 47-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10136-009-0007-7]
[20]
Wang ZN, Wang MY, Mei WL, Han Z, Dai HF. A new cytotoxic pregnanone from Calotropis gigantea. Molecules 2008; 13(12): 3033-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules13123033] [PMID: 19052526]
[21]
Kiuchi F, Fukao Y, Maruyama T, et al. Cytotoxic principles of a Bangladeshi crude drug, akond mul (roots of Calotropis gigantea L.). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1998; 46(3): 528-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.46.528] [PMID: 9549894]
[22]
Lodhi G, Singh HK, Pant KK, Hussain Z. Hepatoprotective effects of Calotropis gigantea extract against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats. Acta Pharm 2009; 59(1): 89-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10007-009-0002-2] [PMID: 19304561]
[23]
Argal A, Dwivedi A. Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of Calotropis gigantea R. Br Flowers Ethnobot Leaf 2010; 2010(1): 6.
[24]
Haque M, Choudhury S, Hossain S, et al. Evaluation of antihyperglycemic and antinociceptive properties of leaves of Calotropis gigantea R. Br Adv Nat Appl Sci 2012; 6(2): 1508-15.
[25]
Rathod NR, Chitme HR, Irchhaiya R, Chandra R. Hypoglycemic effect of Calotropis gigantea Linn. leaves and flowers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oman Med J 2011; 26(2): 104-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5001/omj.2011.26] [PMID: 22043394]
[26]
Chitme HR, Chandra R, Kaushik S. Evaluation of antipyretic activity of Calotropis gigantea (Asclepiadaceae) in experimental animals. Phytother Res 2005; 19(5): 454-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1672] [PMID: 16106390]
[27]
Pathak AK, Argal A. Analgesic activity of Calotropis gigantea flower. Fitoterapia 2007; 78(1): 40-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2006.09.023] [PMID: 17113726]
[28]
Argal A, Pathak AK. CNS activity of Calotropis gigantea roots. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 106(1): 142-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.12.024] [PMID: 16446065]
[29]
Rahuman AA, Bagavan A, Kamaraj C, Saravanan E, Zahir AA, Elango G. Efficacy of larvicidal botanical extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 2009; 104(6): 1365-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-009-1337-9] [PMID: 19198882]
[30]
Adak M, Gupta JK. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Calotropis gigantea (AKANDA) in various biological system. Nepal Med Coll J 2006; 8(3): 156-61.
[PMID: 17203820]
[31]
Chitme HR, Chandra M, Kaushik S. Studies on anti-diarrhoeal activity of Calotropis gigantea R.Br. in experimental animals. J Pharm Pharm Sci 2004; 7(1): 70-5.
[PMID: 15144737]
[32]
Rahman S. Cynodon dactylon Antimicrobial potential of crude extract as valuable medicinal plant 2014.
[33]
Pringproa K, Khonghiran O, Kunanoppadol S, Potha T, Chuammitri P. In vitro virucidal and virustatic properties of the crude extract of cynodon dactylon against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vet Med Int 2014; 2014(1): 1-5.
[34]
Murali KS, Sivasubramanian S, Vincent S, et al. Anti-chikungunya activity of luteolin and apigenin rich fraction from Cynodon dactylon. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2015; 8(5): 352-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60343-6] [PMID: 26003593]
[35]
Pal D. Evaluation of CNS activities of aerial parts of Cynodon dactylon Pers. in mice. Acta Pol Pharm 2008; 65(1): 37-43.
[PMID: 18536171]
[36]
Garg VK, Paliwal SK. Anti-Inflammatory activity of Aqueous extract of Cynodon dactylon. Int J Pharmacol 2011; 7(1): 370-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2011.370.375]
[37]
Yogesh HS, Kichadi SC, Muchandi IS, Gopalakrishna B. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Cynodon dactylon Pers. on carrageenan induced paw edema in rats. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 2013; 4(2): 151-4.
[38]
Kumar A, Kashyap P, Kashyap P. Wound healing activity of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. in albino wistar rats. Int J Phytopharm 2013; 3(1): 63-7.
[39]
Dande P, Khan A. Evaluation of wound healing potential of Cynodon dactylon. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2012; 5(2): 161-4.
[40]
Saroja M, Sanathi R, Annapoorani S. Wound healing activity of flavonoid fraction of Cynodon Dactylon in Swiss albino mice. Int Res J Pharm 2012; 3(1): 230-1.
[41]
Pal DK. Determination of brain biogenic amines in Cynodon dactylon Pers. and Cyperus rotundus L. treated mice. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2009; 1(1): 190-7.
[42]
Rai PK, Jaiswal D, Rai DK, Sharma B, Watal G. Antioxidant potential of oral feeding of Cynodon dactylon extract on diabetes-induced oxidative stress. J Food Biochem 2010; 34(3): 78-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00265.x]
[43]
Singh SK, Kesari AN, Gupta RK, Jaiswal D, Watal G. Assessment of antidiabetic potential of Cynodon dactylon extract in streptozotocin diabetic rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 114(2): 174-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.07.039] [PMID: 17889469]
[44]
Kumar AS, Gnananath K, Kiran D, Reddy A. Antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of Cynodon dactylon root stalks in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Adv Pharm Res 2011; 2(1): 418-22.
[45]
Jarald EE, Joshi SB, Jain DC. Antidiabetic activity of aqueous extract and non-polysaccharide fraction of Cynodon dactylon Pers. Indian J Exp Biol 2008; 46(9): 660-7.
[PMID: 18949896]
[46]
Santhi R, Annapoorani S. Efficacy of Cynodon dactylon for immunomodulatory activity. Drug Invent Today 2010; 2(2): 112-4.
[47]
Garjani A, Afrooziyan A, Nazemiyeh H, Najafi M, Kharazmkia A, Maleki-Dizaji N. Protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract from rhizomes of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. on compensated right heart failure in rats. BMC Complement Altern Med 2009; 9(1): 28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-9-28] [PMID: 19653918]
[48]
Jain N, Jain R, Jain A, Jain DK, Chandel HS. Evaluation of wound-healing activity of Acorus calamus Linn. Nat Prod Res 2010; 24(6): 534-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786410802531782] [PMID: 20182947]
[49]
Shi GB, Wang B, Wu Q, et al. Evaluation of the wound-healing activity and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extracts from Acorus calamus L. Pak J Pharm Sci 2014; 27(1): 91-5.
[PMID: 24374458]
[50]
Ponrasu T, Madhukumar KN, Ganeshkumar M, et al. Efficacy of Acorus calamus on collagen maturation on full thickness cutaneous wounds in rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10(Suppl. 2): S299-305.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-1296.133283] [PMID: 24991107]
[51]
El-Nahal AKM, Schmidt GH, Risha EM. Vapours of Acorus calamus oil - A space treatment for stored-product insects. J Stored Prod Res 1989; 25(4): 211-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(89)90026-X]
[52]
Schmidt GH, Streloke M. Effect of Acorus calamus (L.) (Araceae) oil and its main compound β-asarone on Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae). J Stored Prod Res 1994; 30(3): 227-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-474X(94)90050-R]
[53]
Liu XC, Zhou LG, Liu ZL, Du SS. Identification of insecticidal constituents of the essential oil of Acorus calamus rhizomes against Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel. Molecules 2013; 18(5): 5684-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules18055684] [PMID: 23676474]
[54]
Phongpaichit S, Pujenjob N, Rukachaisirikul V, Ongsakul M. Antimicrobial activities of the crude methanol extract of Acorus calamus Linn. J Sci Technol 2005; 27(2): 517-23.
[55]
Asha DS, Ganjewala D. Antimicrobial activity of acorus calamus (L.) rhizome and leaf extract. Acta Biol Szeged 2009; 53(1): 45-9.
[56]
Devi SA, Ganjewala D. Antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of sweet-flag (Acorus calamus) leaves and rhizomes. J Herbs Spices Med Plants 2011; 17(1): 1-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2010.509659]
[57]
Acuña UM, Atha DE, Ma J, Nee MH, Kennelly EJ. Antioxidant capacities of ten edible North American plants. Phytother Res 2002; 16(1): 63-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1031] [PMID: 11807968]
[58]
Govindarajan R, Agnihotri AK, Khatoon S, Rawat AKS, Mehrotra S. Pharmacognostical evaluation of an antioxidant plant - Acorus calamus Linn. Nat Prod Sci 2003; 9(4): 264-9.
[59]
Madan BR, Arora RB, Kapila K. Anticonvulsant, antiveratrinic and antiarrhythmic actions of Acorus calamus Linn. - An Indian indigenous drug. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1960; 124(1): 201-11.
[PMID: 14419654]
[60]
Dandiya PC, Sharma JD. Studies on Acorus calamus. V. Pharmacological actions of asarone and betaasarone on central nervous system. Indian J Med Res 1962; 50(1): 46-60.
[PMID: 13883358]
[61]
Dandiya PC, Menon MK. Effects of asarone and β‐asarone on conditioned responses, fighting behaviour and convulsions. Br J Pharmacol Chemother 1963; 20(3): 436-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.1963.tb01480.x] [PMID: 14024874]
[62]
Vohora SB, Shah SA, Dandiya PC. Central nervous system studies on an ethanol extract of Acorus calamus rhizomes. J Ethnopharmacol 1990; 28(1): 53-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(90)90065-2] [PMID: 2314110]
[63]
Jayaraman R, Anitha T, Joshi VD. Analgesic and anticonvulsant effects of Acorus calamus roots in mice. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2010; 2(1): 552-5.
[64]
Aqil F, Zahin M, Ahmad I. Antimutagenic activity of methanolic extracts of four ayurvedic medicinal plants. Indian J Exp Biol 2008; 46(9): 668-72.
[PMID: 18949897]
[65]
Prasad R, Lawania R, Manvi M, et al. Role of Herbs in the management of Asthma. Pharmacogn Rev 2009; 3(6): 247-58.
[66]
Gilani AUH, Shah AJ, Ahmad M, Shaheen F. Antispasmodic effect of Acorus calamus Linn. is mediated through calcium channel blockade. Phytother Res 2006; 20(12): 1080-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2000] [PMID: 17009206]
[67]
Kapadia MD, Kharat AR. Antidiarrhoeal activity of leaves of Acorus calamus. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2012; 3(10): 3847.
[68]
Gaidhani SN, Lavekar GS, Juvekar AS, Sen S, Singh A, Kumari S. In-vitro anticancer activity of standard extracts used in ayurveda. Pharmacogn Mag 2009; 5(20): 425.
[69]
Paval J, Kaitheri SK, Potu BK, et al. Anti-arthritic potential of the plant Justicia gendarussa Burm F. Clinics (São Paulo) 2009; 64(4): 357-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1807-59322009000400015] [PMID: 19488595]
[70]
Paval J, Kaitheri S, Potu B, Govindan S, Kumar R, Narayanan S, et al. Comparing the anti-arthritic activities of the plants Justicia gendarussa burm F. and Withania somnifera linn. Int J Green Pharm 2009; 3(4): 281.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-8258.59732]
[71]
Varma RS, Ashok G, Vidyashankar S, Patki P, Nandakumar KS. Ethanol extract of Justicia gendarussa inhibits lipopolysaccharide stimulated nitric oxide and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in murine macrophage. Pharm Biol 2011; 49(6): 648-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2010.527993] [PMID: 21554007]
[72]
Patel SS, Zaveri MN. Trypsin and protein denaturation inhibitory activity of different fractionation and isolated compound of leaf and root of Justicia Gendarussa. IJPSR 2014; 5 (2014): 5564-71.
[73]
Kavitha SK, Viji V, Kripa K, Helen A. Protective effect of Justicia gendarussa Burm.f. on carrageenan-induced inflammation. J Nat Med 2011; 65(3-4): 471-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11418-011-0524-z] [PMID: 21416126]
[74]
Shikha P, Latha PG, Suja SR, Anuja GI, Shyamal S, Shine VJ, et al. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity of Justicia gendarussa Burm. f. leaves. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 2010; 1(1): 456-61.
[75]
Subramanian N, Jothimanivannan C, Moorthy K. Antimicrobial activity and preliminary phytochemical screening of Justicia gendarussa (Burm. f.) against human pathogens. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2012; 5(3): 229-33.
[76]
Sikder MAA, Hossian KMN, Siddique AB, Ahmed M, Kaisar MA, Rashid MA. In Vitro antimicrobial screening of four reputed Bangladeshi medicinal plants. Pharmacogn J 2011; 3(24): 72-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2011.24.14]
[77]
Ayob Z, Abd Samad A, Mohd Bohari SP. Cytotoxicity activities in local Justicia gendarussa crude extracts against human cancer cell lines. J Teknol Sciences Eng 2013; 64(2): 45-52.
[78]
Widiyanti P, Prajogo B, Hikmawati NPE. Cytotoxicity of Justicia gendarussa Burm f. leaf extracts on molt-4 cell. Indones J Trop Infect Dis 2016; 6(1): 24-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijtid.v6i1.1207]
[79]
Subramanian N, Jothimanivannan C, Senthilkumar R, Kameshwaran S. Sedative and hypnotic activity of ethanolic extract of Justicia Gendarussa Burm. Int J Phytopharm 2014; 5(1): 354-7.
[80]
Satapathy AK, Gunasekaran G, Sahoo SC, Amit K, Rodrigues PV. Corrosion inhibition by Justicia gendarussa plant extract in hydrochloric acid solution. Corros Sci 2009; 51(12): 2848-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2009.08.016]
[81]
Jothimanivannan C, Kumar RS, Subramanian N. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of ethanol extract of aerial parts of Justicia gendarussa Burm. Int J Pharmacol 2010; 6(3): 278-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2010.278.283]
[82]
Krishna KL, Mruthunjaya K, Patel JA. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of stem methanolic extract of Justicia gendarussa Burm. Int J Pharmacol 2010; 6(2): 72-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2010.72.80]
[83]
Periyanayagam K, Umamaheswari B, Suseela L, Padmini M, Ismail M. Evaluation of antiangiogenic effect of the leaves of Justicia gendarussa (Burm. f) (Acanthaceae) by chrio allontoic membrane method. Am J Infect Dis 2009; 5(3): 187-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajidsp.2009.180.182]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
17
2
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy